Russian Coastal Erosion
In Russia, 25,000 km of the total 61,000 km length of the marine coast suffers from extreme erosion. Rising sea levels meeting areas of thermokarst causes the Russian Arctic (permafrost) coastline to be especially vulnerable to erosion. Furthermore, areas of unconsolidated sediments facing thermal abrasions of their melting permafrost results in rapid coastal recession. Therefore, it is no surprise that in the Laptev Sea area, the coastline is receding by 2.5m annually. The Caucasian Black Sea is comprised of a high percentage of easily erodable rocks and faces a coastal recession of 0.7m per year. The Tuzla Split is a big body of quartz sand, shell, and pebble, and is degrading despite the protection from a nearby dam. The areas where shore-protecting constructions were erected are in bad condition and not protecting the shores from erosion. Furthermore, a longshore transport stream of deposits has been interrupted by a system of breakwaters and groins, which intercept ...